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Risk and incidents

Scoring, treatment and appetite

Inherent is the world without your controls; residual is the world with them. The gap between the two is your compliance programme, stated as a number.

Updated

Every scenario is scored twice, on likelihood and impact.

  • Inherent — how bad it would be with none of your controls in place.
  • Residual — how bad it is given what you actually have.

Score inherent first and honestly. The temptation is to score it low because you have controls; that is what residual is for, and doing it in the wrong place hides the value of the controls you are paying for.

Inherent and residual risk heatmaps

The two heatmaps side by side: the same scenarios plotted before and after your controls.

Settings → Risk carries the likelihood and impact scale labels, the risk categories and the approval workflow. Set the labels to the ones your risk policy already uses before anyone scores anything — rescoring a register because the words changed is nobody’s good afternoon.

Every scenario takes one:

Treatment What it means
Mitigate Do something to reduce it. Needs a plan.
Accept Live with it, knowingly and on the record.
Transfer Move it — insurance, a contractual term.
Avoid Stop doing the thing that creates it.

Mitigate asks for a treatment plan: concrete actions, owners, timelines, and a target resolution date. “Improve monitoring” is not a plan. Accept is a perfectly respectable answer and often the right one — the difference between accepting a risk and ignoring it is that the first is written down, dated and approved.

Where your organization has enabled it, a scenario goes through an approval workflow: Submit for approval, then approved or rejected with a reason. That is how a residual score stops being one person’s opinion and becomes the organization’s position.

Risk → Appetite states how much risk of each kind the organization has agreed to carry, and shows where you currently sit against it. Each statement sets a tolerance limit — for a category, against a metric such as average or worst residual score.

This is the page written for a board rather than a practitioner, and it is the one that makes the register consequential: without a stated line, a rising number is an observation, and nobody has to do anything about an observation.

Risk → Indicators holds key risk indicators — measured numbers with amber and red thresholds, on a cadence, sourced by hand or from automated test results. A crossed threshold raises a review task; it never silently changes a rating. A number that moves a risk score without a human deciding is a number nobody trusts by the second quarter.

Risk → Snapshots freezes the register on a date. Two snapshots and a trend chart answer “is this getting better”, which is the only risk question a board actually asks.